New Testament church ministries involved distinct leadership roles (apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, teachers) for equipping believers (Ephesians 4:11-12) and broad service by all members, focusing on fellowship, preaching, healing, financial support, and practical care for the needy, with structures like elders (overseers) and deacons (servants) emerging for local church governance and service. Ministry was seen as a spiritual calling (diakonia) and a form of slavery (doulos) to Christ, encompassing both extraordinary gifts and everyday acts of service.