Paul and Palestinian Judaism compares Judaism, understood on its own terms, with Paul, understood on his own terms. Sanders aims to: (1) Consider methodologically how to compare two (or more) related but different religions; (2) Destroy the view of Rabbinic Judaism which is still prevalent in much, perhaps most, New Testament scholarship; (3) Establish a different view of Rabbinic Judaism; (4) Argue a case concerning Palestinian Judaism as a whole; (5) Argue for a certain understanding of Paul; (6) Carry out a comparison of Paul and Palestinian Judaism. This volume makes a contribution not only to the understanding of Paul and his relationship to Judaism, but also to the study of Judaism itself.