Now available in a new three-volume paperback edition. Morris Kline's monumental work presents the major creation in mathematics from its beginnings in Babylonia and Egypt through the first few decades of the twentieth century. Organized around the central ideas of mathematical thought, as well as the men responsible for them, this comprehensive history provides a broad panorama of the development of mathematics, displaying the unity behind the disconnected branches of the discipline today. Volume Three treats the theory of numbers in the nineteenth century; geometry non euclidean and differential and the work of Gauss, Riemann, and Hilbert; analysis after 1900; the emergence of abstract algebra and topology; foundational studies; and recent developments since Godel's work.