An archipelago of more than 17,000 islands, Indonesia is one of the most diverse countries in the world. It includes hundreds of languages, cultures and religions, including the worlds largest. Muslim population (more than the Whole Middle East put together). Indonesia has a long and relatively successful history of dealing, with diversity. This has given rise to many institutional mechanisms for dealing with diversity that are strikingly different from Western institutions. This rich Indonesian experience is an important global resource in learning to deal with diversity.