Critical Theory constitutes one the major intellectual traditions of the twentieth century and is centrally important for philosophy, political theory, aesthetic and theory of art, the study of modern European literatures and music, the history of ideas, sociology, psychology and cultural studies. In this volume an international team of distinguished contributions examines the major figures in Critical Theory, including Horkheimer, Adorno, Marcuse, Benjamin, and Habermas, as well as lesser-known but important thinkers such as Pollock and Neumann. The volume surveys the shared philosophical concerns that have given impetus to Critical Theory throughout its history, while at the same time showing the diversity among its proponents that contributes so much to its richness as a philosophical school. The result is an illuminating overview of the entire history of Critical Theory in the twentieth century, an examination of its central conceptual concerns, and an in-depth discussion of its future prospects.